Mordant



UniTnn STATES PATENT Orricn.

\VILLIAM JOHN IILLIAMS. OF CAMDEN, NElV JERSEY.

MORDANT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 398,564, dated February 26,1889. Application filed August 13, 1888. Serial No. 282,612. (No specimens) To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM JOHN WIL- LIAMS, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of Camden, Camden county, New Jersey, have invented a Mode of Fixing Dye-Colors of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the fixing of dyecolors upon fibers or fabrics, whether of cotton, silk, wool, jute, flax, or other material;

v 1 i i and the object of m y invention is to so treat the fibers or fabrics that the colors will be fixed thereon and that no superfi uou coloringmatter will be absorbed by the fibers or fabrics, and in consequence the latter will be free from rust or oxidation of the colors, and the colors will not come off or crock.

I have discovered that dye-colors may be fixed on fibers or fabrics by subjecting them to the action of trisodium phosphate.

In carrying out my invention the trisodium phosphate may be added directly to the dye- 1 bath, or it may be employed in the finishingphate, which has been but rarely used, pracbath, or it may be added to the water or other liquid which is to be used in either of those baths, or the fabrics or fibers may be treated to the action of a solution of the trisodium phosphate before being put in the dye-bath or after they have been dyed and finished. The quantity of trisodium phosphate to be used will vary with the character of the material to be. dyed and with the nature of the dye used, and to some extent with other attendant conditions. A one-per-cent. solution gives the desired eifectthat is, it has the property of fixing the colors on the textile fabrics or fibers so as to give a dense and lasting color-and if the phosphate be used in the dye-bath. it will prevent the absorption of any superfluous coloring-matter in the stock, so that the fibers or fabrics will. be free from rust and the colors be prevented from crocking. Moreover, by the employment of trisodium phosphate the use of sodium sulphate (Glaubers salts) or potassium bitartrate (tartar or argol) both in the dyeing and mordanting operations may be entirely dispensed with. Owing to the strong affinity of the trisodium phosphate for the coloring-matter of the dye-stuffs, the color is more fully precipiis ob tat-ed and a brighter and a fuller color tained from a smaller quantity of dye andthe color is made more fast. The use of this trisodium phosphate results in great economy, for where twenty to twenty-five pounds of Glaubers salts have been heretofore used eight ounces of trisodium phosphate will accomplish the purpose. So, again, the same amount of trisodium phosphate will replace two to thre'e pounds of half-refined potassium bita-rtratc.

I employ trisodium phosphate in place of all other phosphates because in it the phosphoric acid is fully neutralized, so that there is no free acid in the compound, nor is any produced in any of the baths in which it may be used.

I am aware that many years ago the suggestion was made that alkaline phosphates should be used in dyeing operations as, for instance, in Bowdens British Patent No. 2,7(3i of 1861- in which it was proposed to use phosphate of soda for fixing colors on cotton goods or fab-.

rics; but the commercial phosphate of soda previous to this time has been disodium phost-ically on account of drawbacks to its use hereinafter mentioned. On the other hand I have obtained highlysuccessful results with trisodi um phosphate, effecting a saving of fifty per cent. and over in the use of dye-stuff and producing a better and more durable and faster color.

Trisodium phosphate has materially different and distinctive properties from disodium or other sodium phosphates. Thus compare the analyses:

Disodiam phosphate. Trisocli um phosphate Phosphoric acid, 19.84 18.68 Soda, 17.32 24.48 ater, 62. 84 56, Sat

or absorb the dye-stuff freely, producin h brighter and clearer colors with a much smaller quantity of dye.

' I claim as my invention The mode herein described of fixing colors and preventing rust and crocking in textile 1 fibers or fabrics, said mode consistingin sub- 5 jecting the fabrics or fibers to the action of trisodium phosphate.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

W'M. JOHN \VILLIAMS.

\Vitnesses:

JOHN W. PREsTWIcH, i LoUIs B. HUMPHREYS. 

